Overview of MXene sensors

MXene is considered by many research fields to be a revolutionary 2D material. Especially in the field of sensors, the high electrical conductivity and large surface area of MXENes-like metals are ideal properties as an alternative sensor material that can transcend the boundaries of existing sensor technology. This objective review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in MXene-based sensor technology, as well as a roadmap for the commercialization of MXene-based sensors. The existing sensors are systematically divided into chemical sensors, biological sensors and physical sensors. Each category is divided into different subcategories according to the four basic working mechanisms of the sensor, namely, electrical, electrochemical, structural or optical sensing mechanisms. Representative structural and electrical methods are presented to improve performance in each category. Finally, the factors that hinder the commercialization of MXene sensors are discussed, and several breakthroughs are proposed to realize the commercialization of MXene sensors. This review provides broad insights on previous and existing MXene-based sensor technologies, as well as a vision for the future generation of low-cost, high-performance, and multimodal sensors for software electronics applications.